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EDWARDES, SIR HERBERT BENJAMIN (1819-1868), soldier, writer and statesman, son of the Rev. B. Edwardes, was born on 12 November 1819. He joined the Bengal infantry as a cadet in 1841, and served as Urdu, Hindi and Persian interpreter to his regiment. He was aide decamp to Lord Hugh Gough during the first Anglo Sikh war and was, in 1847, appointed assistant to Sir Henry Montgomery Lawrence, British Resident ai the Sikh capital, who sent him to effect the settlement of Bannu, the account of which is given in his work, A Year on the Punjab Frontier in 1848-49, London, 1851.

Explore the significance of Ekadasi, the eleventh lunar day sacred to Vaisnavite Hindus, and its spiritual observance through fasting and devotion.

ELLENBOROUGH, LORD EDWARD LAW (1790-1871), Governor General of India (1842-44), son of Edward Law, Baron Ellen borough, Lord Chief Justice of England, was born on 8 September 1790. He was educated at Eton and at St John`s College, Cambridge. He became a member of the House of Lords in 1818. He was appointed Lord Privy Seal in 1828 and president of the Board of Control (1828-30) whence began his connection with Indian affairs. He succeeded Lord Auckland as Governor General of India in February 1842. On his arrival in India, Lord Ellenborough found himself confronted with an alarming situation in Afghanistan and northwest frontier.

Discover the historic debate on electrifying the Golden Temple and how it transformed conditions for devotees in the late 19th century.

Explore the Ellenborough Papers: Key insights into British India, including Anglo-Sikh relations and Punjab politics. A must-read for history enthusiasts.

EMINABAD (32°2`N, 74°16`E), an ancient town in Gujranwala district of Pakistan, is sacred to Guru Nanak (1469-1539) in whose day it was called Sayyidpur. According to Bhai Bala Janam Sakhi, after leaving Sultanpur and before setting out on his long travels, Guru Nanak, accompanied by Bhai Mardana, first visited Eminabad where Bhai Lalo, a carpenter by profession, became his Sikh. A hymn of Guru Nanak in the Guru Granth Sahib suggests that he was in Eminabad when the town was sacked by Babar in 1521.

ETAWAH (26° 47`N, 78° 58`E), a district town of Uttar Pradesh, 127 km southeast of Agra, has two Udasi Ashrams commemorating the visits of Guru Nanak and Baba Sri Chand. Sikh chronicles have not recorded these visits, but they do mention that Guru Tegh Bahadur while travelling to the east in 1666 passed through Etawah. He is believed to have stayed at the Udasi Ashram inside the town. The ashram is now known as Gurdwara Purabi Tola, also referred to locally as Ban Sangat.

Explore the captivating lives of European adventurers in 19th-century Punjab, their military roles, and impact on the Khalsa army's westernization.

Delve into Ranjit Singh's reign with Persian newsletters offering a glimpse into his rule, military campaigns, and court events between 1810-1817.

Explore British-Sikh relations through the 1800-1834 manuscripts at India Office Library, London, including key despatches and treaties.