Sikh Confederacies [1708 - 1769]

Explore the legacy of Ahluvalia Misl, a prominent 18th-century Sikh confederacy in Punjab, led by the legendary Jassa Singh Ahluvalia.

BHANGI MISLThe Bhangi Misl was founded in the early 18th century by Sardar Chhajja Singh. The misl received...

DAL KHALSA is the term used to describe the militia which came into being during the turbulent period of the second half of the eighteenth century and which became a formidable fighting force of the Sikhs in the northwestern part of India. The first Khalsa army formed and led by the creator of the Khalsa, Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708), had broken up at the time of the evacuation of Anandpur in December 1705. Another force, at one time 40,000 strong, raised by Banda Singh Bahadur (1670-1716) was scattered after the caputre and execution of its leader.

DALLEVALiA MISL. See MISLS DALLU, BHAI, a Rihan Khatri of Burhanpur, mentioned by Bhai Gurdas, Varan, XI. 30, among prominent Sikhs of the time of Guru Hargobind. See BHAGVAN DAS, BHAi

Delve into the historical Sikh Jagirdari system, its evolution under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, and its impact on land revenue and governance.

Discover the historical significance of 'jatha' in Sikh tradition, representing volunteer bands skilled in guerrilla warfare during 18th-century conflicts.

Discover the origins of the Sikh Misldari system in Punjab, a unique land tenure and political framework formed under Sikh power in the 18th century.

Discover the origin and significance of the Sikh Misi: a brigade of warriors claiming territories in 18th century India, rooted in rich cultural history.

NISHAN SAHIB is the name for the tall Sikh flag which marks all gurudwaras and other religious premises of the Sikhs. Nishdn is a Persian word with multiple meanings, one of these being a flag or standard. Sahib, an Arabic word with the applied meaning of lord or master, is here used as an honorific. Thus Nishan Sahib in the Sikh tradition means the holy flag or exalted ensign. A synonymous term is Jhanda Sahib (jhandd also meaning a flag or banner). The Sikh pennant, made out of saffron coloured, occasionally out of blue coloured, mainly in the case of Nihangs, cloth is triangular in shape, normally each of the two equal sides being double of the shorter one.

Discover the Pattidari system—a historic land tenure practice in Sikh Punjab rooted in cosharing and equal inheritance, shaping peasant proprietorship.

Explore the Phulkian Misl - a pivotal part of Sikh history. Learn the origins and significance of this influential Misl among the Misls.

Explore the Rakhi System, an 18th-century Sikh protection method under Dal Khalsa, granting villages safety amid chaos in exchange for revenue.