1929

Explore METUI's adventurous life as a Russian soldier in the Sikh army, his Kashmiri marriage, and his life in Lahore. Learn more about his unique journey.

Uncover the legacy of John Ramsay, a Eurasian musician and drum major under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, as recorded in European Adventurers of Northern India.

Discover the legacy of Seva Singh Thikrivala, a key figure in Punjab's fight for freedom and justice during the British era.

Discover the story of Sheriff, a Spaniard engineer in the Sikh army in 1841. Tragically, he met his end in Lahore within a year after a horse fall.

Discover VOCHUS, a Russian employed in 1823 at Lahore's Sikh-run gunpowder factory. Learn more about European adventurers in Northern India.

Explore WEIR's journey, a Russian in the Khalsa army, his marriage to a Kashmiri Muslim, and life in Lahore. Discover European adventurers in 1842 India.

Discover Guru Nanak's Bara Mah Tukhari, a lyrical masterpiece depicting devotion and nature's romance. Explore the timeless beauty of this poetic form.

FARRIS (d. 1842), a Frenchman, who joined the Sikh army in 1841 and was employed in the gunpowder factory. He died at Lahore within one year of his appointment.

FRANCIS, a French adventurer, who arrived at Lahore in 1833 and joined Maharaja Ranjit Singli`s army. But he had no military training, and was discharged from the service soon afterwards.

FUKINAUL, THOMAS, a Frenchman, who during 1822-23 was in Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s service, employed in the gunpowder factory.

FITZROY, JOHN, an Englishman in the employ of the East Indian Company. In 1835, became to Lahore and entered the service of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He did not stay long and took his dismissal the following year.

GILLMORE, an English deserter from British army who came to Lahore in 1833 and entered the Sikh service. He attained the rank of colonel and commanded a regiment. He married a Kashmir! Muslim woman and had children by her. He died of cholera at Lahore and was buried in the Gol Bagh.