MALUK SINGH converted to the Kuka or Namdhari faith in 1864. With a band of 50 of his companions, he set up what he called a Kuka government in his village, Tharajvala, in Firozpur district, by declaring British rule as having ended. He was arrested and imprisoned for this.

MANGAL SINGH, a Risaldar in the erstwhile princely state of Patiala, was born in 1842, the son of jagirdar Hira Singh. He was arrested in 1872 for his alleged involvement in the attack by the Kukas on the butchers of Malerkotia, and was imprisoned at Allahabad.

SUDDH SINGH, one of the twenty-two subas, lit. governors or deputies, appointed by the Kuka leader, Baba Ram Singh, to look after missionary work in different parts, was born in Ambala district in 1830. His father`s name was Ram Singh. Suddh Singh was initiated into the Kuka faith by

DAULOVAL.4 km north of Kiratpur (31° ll`N, 76° 35`E) in Ropar district of the Punjab, is sacred to Guru Har Rai (1630-61), who used to encamp here during his visits in summer. According to local tradition, it was here that the Guru received the royal summons to see the emperor

KHEM KARAN (31°8`N, 74°3`E), a small border town in Ainritsar district of the Punjab, has two historical shrines dedicated one each to Guru Amar Das and Guru Tegh Bahadur. GURDWARA THAMM SAHIB, near the Kasur Gate, marks the site of a manjior preaching centre established by Guru Amar Das (1479-1574)