afghanistan

AHMAD SHAH DURRANI (1722-1772), the first of the Saddozai rulers of Afghanistan and founder of the Durrani empire, belonged to the Saddozai section of the Popalzai clan of the Abdali tribe of Afghans. In the 18th century the Abdalis were to be found chiefly around Herat. Under their leader Zaman Khan, father of Ahmad Khan. they resisted Persian attempts to take Herat until, in 1728, they were forced to submit to Nadir Shah. Recognizing the fighting qualities of the Abdalis, Nadir Shah enlisted them in his army.

Discover George Eden's role as Governor General of India, focusing on his policies during the Afghan conflict and relations with the Sikhs.

Explore the Auckland Papers for insights on 19th-century politics, the Sikh military, and the Anglo Afghan war, now accessible in London.

Explore the dynamic history of Dost Muhammad Khan, ruler of Kabul, Qandahar, and his pivotal battles with Sikhs and ventures for Afghan independence.

Explore the legacy of Fateh Khan, the Afghan leader who reshaped empires. Discover his pivotal role in 19th-century Afghanistan's power dynamics.

Discover the incredible journey of Josiah Harlan, a 19th-century adventurer who navigated allegiance between the British, Sikhs, and Afghans.

Explore the life of Sir William Hay Macnaghten, pivotal in Anglo-Sikh and Afghan relations, and his role in the 1838 Tripartite treaty.

Explore the revolutionary life and enduring legacy of Mathra Singh, a patriot who fought for India's freedom during WWI.

Discover Shah Zaman's bold attempts to expand Afghan influence in India during the late 1700s, facing challenges from Sikh leaders like Ranjit Singh.

Explore the life of Sultan Muhammad Khan, Peshawar's governor in 1830. Discover his alliances, defection, and influence in the Sikh Wars.

Discover the strategic Tripartite Treaty of 1838, thwarting Sikh designs on Sindh with British mediation. Explore this pivotal Afghan-Sikh-British alliance.