INDIA SECRET PROCEEDINGS (1834-1856), a manuscript series of Indian records at the India Office Library, London, succeeding Bengal Secret and Political Consultations (1800-34). It includes the entire range of despatches and correspondence of the North-West Frontier Agency from the heyday of Sikh political power in the Punjab down to the

THACKWELL, SIR EDWARD JOSEPH (1781-1859), commander of cavalry division of the army of the Sutlej under Lord Hugh Gough in the first Anglo Sikh war was born on 1 February 1781, the son of John Thackwell. A veteran of Peninsula and Waterloo, he assumed command of the army of the

TARJKHIPANJAB, TUHFAT ULALBAB, a brief chronicle in Persian, by Maulawi Munshi `Abd ul Karim `Alawi, printed in Lucknow in 1849, gives a somewhat diffused account of Ranjit Singh and his successors, mainly bearing upon the two Anglo Sikh wars, the first of 1845-46, with actions fought at Mudki, Feroze

SAHIB DIAL (b.1801), second of the five sons of Misr Ralia Ram, entered the Sikh service as a munshi (clerk) in the Customs Department under his father. In 1832 he was transferred to the Paymaster`s office of the regular army and in 1839 was made chief of the customs

PREM SINGH, commandant in the Sikh forces demobilized after the first AngloSikh war, joined Bhai Maharaj singh (d. 1856) in a bid to raise the standard of revolt against the British. After Sikhs` defeat in the second AngloSikh war early in 1849, he along with Maharaj Singh escaped to

NIHAL SINGH SODHI (d. 1859), son of Megh Singh, entered Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s army in 1819, and was, five years later, made commandant of 100 horsemen in the Charyari corps. He fought for Maharaja Sher Singh during the siege of Lahore in January 1841. Under Sher Singh`s successor, Nihal

NICHOLSON, JOHN (1821-1857), political assistant at Firozpur (1844-45), was born in Dublin on 11 December 1821, the son of Dr Alexander Nicholson. He obtained cadetship in Bengal Infantry in 1839 and in December the same year was posted to the 27th Native Infantry at Firozpur. In 1844, he became political

MOTA SINGH, SARDAR BAHADUR (b. 1814), son of Mul Raj (d. 1819), entered the service of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1832, and was placed in the battalion of Col. Van Cortlandt. In 1837, he received a command in the Calcuttavala Battalion, but, in 1842, was replaced under Col. Van

MAN SINGH, RISALDAR MAJOR (d. 1892), son of Deva Singh of Rariala, in Gujrariwala district, now in Pakistan, was a soldier in Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s army." He was attached to Raja Suchct Singh`s force. He took part in the capture of Peshawar (1834) and then entered Raja Hira Singh`s

LITTLER, SIRJOHN HUNTER (1783-1856), garrison commander at Firozpur, the concentration point of British forward movement preparatory to the first Anglo Sikh war, was born on 6 January 1783 at Tarvin, Cheshire, England. He joined the 10th Bengal Native Infantry in August 1800 and served in the campaigns under Lord Lake

KHEM KAUR, daughter of Jodh Singh Kalalvala and granddaughter of Sahib Singh Bharigt of Gujrat, was married in 1816 to Prince Kharak Singh, eldest son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. She survived her husband and helped anti British forces in the second Anglo Sikh war (1849) for which reason her

JIVAN SINGH CHHACHHI (d. 1852), son of Uttam Singh, a Kohli Khatri, was a military commander in Sikh times. His father and grandfather had also served under Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Jivan Singh`s contingent, consisting of sixty-five horse, five zamburds or camelswivels, and a kettledrum, was known all along the