Explore the history of Qutb Uddin, Afghan chief of Kasur, his battle against Ranjit Singh, and his role in the Sikh-Afghan expedition. A tale of bravery and intrigue.
Discover the captivating tale of Qazi Rukan Din of the Janam Sakhis meeting Guru Nanak in Mecca & the miraculous revelation of divine presence.
Explore the legacy of Faqir Aziz Uddin, physician, diplomat, and foreign minister, pivotal in 19th-century Sikh foreign relations under Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
CHIRAGH DIN, FAQlR (d. 1851). son of Faqir Aziz udDin, foreign minister to Maharaja Ranjit Singh, was governor of Jasrota. a small principality in the Sivalik hills, and was shortly afterwards placed in attendance on Prince Kharak Singh. In 1842, he succeeded his brother, Shah Din, as the Sikh ruler`s envoy (vakil) at Firozpur and continued in the same position with the Council of Regency formed after the first Anglo Sikh war under the treaty of Lahore of 16 December 1846. Chiragh Din had five sons, the eldest of whom, Siraj udDin, became the chief minister at Bahawalpur where he met with a tragic end. Chiragh Din died at Lahore in 1851.
GHULAM MOHIY UDDIN, SHAIKH (d. 1845), who rose to be governor of Kashmir in Sikh times, was the son of Shaikh Ujala, a munshi or accountant in the service of Sardar Bhup Singh of Hoshiarpur. At a young age, Ghulam Mohiy udDin took up service under Diwan Moti Ram, the governor of Kashmir, later shifting to Lahore. He exhibited great diplomatic skill when in 1823, under Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s instructions, he persuaded Sardar Muhammad `Azim Khan of Kabul, who had marched upon Peshawar, to retire without firing a shot. In 1827, Kirpa Ram, Diwan Moti Ram`s son, took him to Kashmir upon his appointment as governor of the province.
Discover the dramatic life of Humayun, the Mughal emperor of India. Explore his battles, exile, and brief return to power in this historical narrative.
Explore the social and economic life of Punjab in 1854 with Ibratnamah, a rich Persian account of its history, culture, and the rise of Sikhism.
IMAM UDDIN, FAQIR (d. 1847), second son of Ghulam Mohly udDTn and younger brother of Faqir `Azi/ udDin, foreign minister to Maharaja Ranjit Singh, was Qiladar or garrison commander of the Gobindgarh Fort at Amritsar, where the bulk of the Sikh crown jewels was kept in deposit. Capable and scholarly. Imam udDin was entrusted with multifarious duties by the Maharaja. He virtually acted as the chief treasurer of the kingdom, authorizing payments on behalf of the Darbar and carrying out commercial transactions through casli and hund is for the purchase of grain.
Explore the riveting life of Shaikh Imam Ud-Din, governor of Kashmir under Sikh rule, known for his pivotal role in 1840s political strategies and conflicts.
Explore Jamal Uddin Sayyid's 19th-century Pan-Islamism efforts against Western dominance and his involvement with Maharaja Duleep Singh.
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