European adventurers, scholars and officials

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MACKESON, FREDERICK

Explore the life of Frederick Mackeson, a key figure in 19th-century Anglo-Sikh relations, diplomacy, and the Indus navigation scheme.

Discover James Price, the Englishman turned soldier for Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1809, defying British extradition. A forgotten tale of...

Explore WEIR's journey, a Russian in the Khalsa army, his marriage to a Kashmiri Muslim, and life in Lahore. Discover...

Discover George Baker, a Eurasian drum major in Maharaja Ranjit Singh's battalion. Explore European adventurers of Northern India. Learn more...

COURT, CLAUDE AUGUSTE (1793-1880), general in the Sikh army, honorary general of France, Chevalier of the Legion of Honour, recipient...

FRANCIS, a French adventurer, who arrived at Lahore in 1833 and joined Maharaja Ranjit Singli`s army. But he had no...

Explore the thrilling journey of John Holmes, a Eurasian soldier in Maharaja Ranjit Singh's army, and uncover his dual role...

Explore the life of Sir William Hay Macnaghten, pivotal in Anglo-Sikh and Afghan relations, and his role in the 1838...

Uncover the legacy of John Ramsay, a Eurasian musician and drum major under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, as recorded in European...

Discover the impactful legacy of Sir William Sampson Whish, the divisional commander who led British forces in the Second Anglo-Sikh...

Explore the daring escape and valiant battles of Englishman Barlow from being a prisoner in Afghanistan to his roles in...

CUNNINGHAM, JOSEPH DAVEY (1812-1851), the first British historian of the Sikhs (his A History of the Sikhs was published in...