FUKINAUL, THOMAS, a Frenchman, who during 1822-23 was in Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s service, employed in the gunpowder factory.
Discover the story of HOMMUS, a Spaniard who joined the Khalsa Darbar in 1842, worked in gunpowder, and his untimely death in Lahore. Learn more.
Explore the life of MAHER JOHN, a unique Eurasian musician and drum-major in Maharaja Ranjit Singh's army, highlighting European adventurers in India.
Explore the intriguing journey of RATTRAY, an English soldier who switched allegiance from the Sikh army to Dost Muhammad Khan in 1836. Discover his transformation in Kabul.
Explore Joseph Wolff's 1832 travels in the Punjab, marked by rich encounters and Sikh hospitality despite religious differences. Discover more!
Explore BATTICE's role in Sikh ordnance; an Italian's brief service shaping gunpowder industry in 1843 Lahore. Discover his intriguing story.
CURRIE, SIR FREDERICK (1799-1875), diplomat, son of Mark Currie, was born on 3 February 1799. He came out to India in 1820, and served in various capacities in the civil and judicial departments before being appointed a judge in the North-West Frontier Province. He became foreign secretary to Government of India at Fort William in 1842. During the first Sikh war (1845-46), he remained with Governor General Lord Hardinge and was instrumental in arranging with the Sikhs the terms of the first treaty of Lahore.
FITZROY, JOHN, an Englishman in the employ of the East Indian Company. In 1835, became to Lahore and entered the service of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He did not stay long and took his dismissal the following year.
Discover the fascinating journey of Dr. John Martin Honigberger, a Transylvanian physician who served the Lahore court, renowned for his medical expertise and adventures.
Discover the legacy of Martindale, an Anglo-Indian officer in Sikh infantry. Son of General Martindale, he also served in Skinner's Horse.
Discover the political challenges and insights of Colonel Richmond during the unstable times on the Sutlej frontier in the 1840s.
BENET, a Frenchma n, was one of the European physicians at the court of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He arrived at Lahore in 1838, and was given employment as a personal physician to the Maharaja and surgeon general to the Khalsa army on a monthly salary of Rs 1,000. After the Maharaja`s death, Benet left Lahore. He shifted to Ludhiana and started practice as a physician. He had some trouble with the British there and was forced to return to his native France.
