european

EUROPEAN ADVENTURERS OF NORTHERN INDIA

Explore the captivating lives of European adventurers in 19th-century Punjab, their military roles, and impact on the Khalsa army's westernization.

Explore the life of MAHER JOHN, a unique Eurasian musician and drum-major in Maharaja Ranjit Singh's army, highlighting European adventurers...

FARRIS (d. 1842), a Frenchman, who joined the Sikh army in 1841 and was employed in the gunpowder factory. He...

Discover the legacy of Martindale, an Anglo-Indian officer in Sikh infantry. Son of General Martindale, he also served in Skinner's...

FORD, MATTHEW WILLIAM (d. 1841), an Englishman who started his career in 1804 as an ensign in a West India...

Explore METUI's adventurous life as a Russian soldier in the Sikh army, his Kashmiri marriage, and his life in Lahore....

FRANCIS, a French adventurer, who arrived at Lahore in 1833 and joined Maharaja Ranjit Singli`s army. But he had no...

Discover James Price, the Englishman turned soldier for Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1809, defying British extradition. A forgotten tale of...

FUKINAUL, THOMAS, a Frenchman, who during 1822-23 was in Maharaja Ranjit Singh`s service, employed in the gunpowder factory.

Uncover the legacy of John Ramsay, a Eurasian musician and drum major under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, as recorded in European...

FITZROY, JOHN, an Englishman in the employ of the East Indian Company. In 1835, became to Lahore and entered the...

Learn about ROSSAIX, a French engineer who served in Napoleon's army before revolutionizing Punjab's infrastructure in 1843. Discover his legacy.