PAL SINGH ARIF, SANT (1873-1958), mystic and poet, was born on Maghar sudi 15, 1930 Bk/4 December 1873, the son of Gurdit Singh Sandhu and Sahib Kaur of the village of Paddhari, now in Amritsar district of the Punjab. He learnt to read and write Punjabi from the village granthi

Singh, Jagtar, an eminent Punjabi poet, was born at Rajgomal, district Jallandhar (Punjab). He did his M.A. in Punjabi and Urdu (first class first) and later Ph.D., on the critical study of Punjabi poetry in Pakistan from 1947 to 1972. Jagtar is well versed in Urdu, Punjabi, English and

PARYAI, Sanskrit parydya, meaning a synonym or convertible term, is used in Sikh literature spelt variously as priydi, pridy and praydya. It was a popular title for glossaries explaining terms and difficult words used in Guru Granth Sahib which were the forerunners of full scale translations or exegeses of the

PUNJAB CHIEFS, THE, by Sir Lepel H. Griffin, contains historical and biographical notices of the principal chiefs and families of note in the Punjab, with detailed pedigree tables, first published at Lahore in 1865, revised edition (2 vols.) by Charles Francis Massy published at Lahore in 1890, and revised pedigree

SARDUL SINGH GIANI, BHAI (d. 1913), the eldest son of Giani Gian Singh of Amritsar and a grandson ofGiani Bishan Singh, was a noted Sikh scholar of his time. The family lived near Chowk Baba Atal in a street still known as Gall Gianian, the street of the Giants.

SINGAPORE SIKH MISSIONARY TRACT SOCIETY, renamed Sikh Missionary Tract Society, Malaya, in 1941 and Sikh Missionary Society, Malaya, in 1946, when it was reactivated after having remained dormant during (lie war in the East, was registered on 9 March 1940, with its offices at 175, Queen Street, Singapore. The

SITA RAM KOHLI He passed his matriculation examination from the local Government High School and went to Government College, Lahore, for his Master`s degree in History. In 1913 the University of the Panjab invited the eminent British historian, Ramsay Muir, from England as a visiting professor. He stayed at Lahore

SUMER SINGH, BAVA (1847-1903), cleric and school man, was born on 17 August 1847 at Nizamabad, a small town in Azamgarh district of Uttar Pradesh. His family, originally from Goindval in the Punjab, traced its ancestry to Guru Amar Das, third in spiritual descent from Guru Nanak. Sumer Singh`s

NANAK SURAJODE JANAM SAKHI, by Ganesha Singh Bedi, is an account in verse of the life of Guru Nanak, founder of the Sikh faith. The metaphor of the rising sun (surajode=surya/suraj meaning sun and udaya/ ude meaning rising) in the title has been used for Guru Nanak whose birth as

Starting his career as lecturer in Punjabi at Doaba College, Jalandhar, Professor Pritam Singh shifted to Sikh National College, Lahore the next year where he served as a teacher in Punjabi until 1947. Joining the Punjab Education Service after Partition he rose to be Principal, Government College, Ludhiana and

Singh \'Rup\', Harinder, born in 1907, was an eminent Punjabi poet of the neo-classical tradition in which emotion remains subdued. He published his poems in collections entitled Nave pandh (New paths, 1945) and Dunghe vahin (Deep streams, 1947). Rup did not develop a new style or content of his