KOTHA SINGH, BHAI (d. 1705). also known as Katha Singh, was one of the martyrs of Chamkaur Sahib battle fought on 7 December 1705.

AJMER CHAND, ruler of Kahlur (Bilaspur), one of the princely states in the Sivaliks. He succeeded his father. Raja Bhim Chand, who had retired in his favour. Bhim Chand had led battles against Guru Gobind Singh, and his son, Ajmer Chand, continued the hostility. He formed a league of

TOKA SAHIB, GURDWARA, established in honour of Guru Gobind Singh, who stayed here for a few days in 1688, is on the border of Himachal Pradesh and Haryana. The Gurdwara is in Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, but the nearest village Tota, about one kilometre to the southeast, is in

BALACHAUR, a village about 11 km northeast of Jagadhri (30° 10`N, 77° 18`E) in Ambala district of Haryana, claims a historical shrine known as Gurdwara Agampura dedicated to Guru Gobind Singh. Guru Gobind Singh visited the place travelling from Kapal Mochan in 1688. The old shrine, a 4.5 metre

BHADRA (29°10`N, 750151E) in Ganganagar district in Rajasthan, was, according to Sikh chronicles, visited by Guru Gobind Singh in 1706. There is however no historical shrine there. There are very few Punjabi Sikhs in the town but a number of Sindhi families, who though shaven are followers of the

BHAGI BANDAR, village 3 km north of Talvandi Sabo (29°59`N, 75° 5`E), in Bathinda district of the Punjab, claims a historical shrine, Gurdwara Jandsar, sacred to Guru Gobind Singh, who visited the site during his stay at Talvandi Sabo. According to local tradition, the jand tree (Prosopis spicigera) and the

In Punjabi Letters this term is not current. There is a long tradition of tikas, meaning compositions in which a poetic text is published with every line followed by its meaning in prose, including a brief comment wherever considered necessary by the tikakar.

Chitrakar, Ishwar Singh (1912 -1968), a noted painter and poet in Punjabi, was born in 1912 and died in 1968. His pen name, Chitrakar, indicates his penchant for painting and painting to him was as dear a medium of creativity as poetry was. Literary movements of his time did

GODARIA, BHAI, a saintly person with usually carried a godan or padded wrapping around his person (from which he derived his name), was always repeating God`s name and was ever ready to do any act of selfless service. According to Mdlvd Desk Ralan di Sdkhi Pothi, a legend grew

GURDIT SINGH was a devoted Sikh of the time of Guru Gobind Singh. According to Kuir Singh, Gurbilas Patshahi 10, he was in the retinue of the Guru as his treasurer during his journey to the Deccan in 1708.

HAYAT KHAN (d. 1688), one of the disbanded officials of the Mughal army who, along with five hundred Pathan soldiers, was recruited by Guru Gobind Singh at Paonta Sahib, on the recommendation of Pir Buddhu Shah of Sadhaura. On the eve of the battle of Bharigani, he however deserted

JAI RAM (d. 1518), brother in law of Guru Nanak, was a trusted official at the court of Nawab Daulat Khan Lodhl at Sultanpur, in presentday Kapurthala district of the Punjab. He was married to Nanaki, daughter of Kalian Chand and sister of Guru Nanak, in 1475 at Talvandi